9 Zabbix agent on Microsoft Windows

Configuring agent

Both generations of Zabbix agents run as a Windows service. For Zabbix agent 2, replace agentd with agent2 in the instructions below.

You can run a single instance of Zabbix agent or multiple instances of the agent on a Microsoft Windows host. A single instance can use the default configuration file C:\zabbix_agentd.conf or a configuration file specified in the command line. In case of multiple instances each agent instance must have its own configuration file (one of the instances can use the default configuration file).

An example configuration file is available in Zabbix source archive as conf/zabbix_agentd.win.conf.

See the configuration file options for details on configuring Zabbix Windows agent.

Hostname parameter

To perform active checks on a host Zabbix agent needs to have the hostname defined. Moreover, the hostname value set on the agent side should exactly match the "Host name" configured for the host in the frontend.

The hostname value on the agent side can be defined by either the Hostname or HostnameItem parameter in the agent configuration file - or the default values are used if any of these parameters are not specified.

The default value for HostnameItem parameter is the value returned by the "system.hostname" agent key. For Windows, it returns result of the gethostname() function, which queries namespace providers to determine the local host name. If no namespace provider responds, the NetBIOS name is returned.

The default value for Hostname is the value returned by the HostnameItem parameter. So, in effect, if both these parameters are unspecified, the actual hostname will be the host NetBIOS name; Zabbix agent will use NetBIOS host name to retrieve the list of active checks from Zabbix server and send results to it.

The "system.hostname" key supports two optional parameters - type and transform.

Type parameter determines the type of the name the item should return. Supported values:

• netbios (default) - returns the NetBIOS host name which is limited to 15 symbols and is in the UPPERCASE only;
• host - returns the full, real (case-sensitive) Windows host name;
• shorthost (supported since Zabbix 5.0.15) - returns part of the hostname before the first dot. It will return a full string if the name does not contain a dot.

Transform parameter is supported since Zabbix 5.0.15 and allows to specify additional transformation rule for the hostname. Supported values:

• none (default) - use the original letter case;
• lower - convert the text into lowercase.

So, to simplify the configuration of zabbix_agentd.conf file and make it unified, two different approaches could be used.

1. leave Hostname or HostnameItem parameters undefined and Zabbix agent will use NetBIOS host name as the hostname;
2. leave Hostname parameter undefined and define HostnameItem like this:
   HostnameItem=system.hostname[host] - for Zabbix agent to use the full, real (case sensitive) Windows host name as the hostname
   HostnameItem=system.hostname[shorthost,lower] - for Zabbix agent to use only part of the hostname before the first dot, converted into lowercase.

Host name is also used as part of Windows service name which is used for installing, starting, stopping and uninstalling the Windows service. For example, if Zabbix agent configuration file specifies Hostname=Windows_db_server, then the agent will be installed as a Windows service "Zabbix Agent [Windows_db_server]". Therefore, to have a different Windows service name for each Zabbix agent instance, each instance must use a different host name.

Installing agent as Windows service

To install a single instance of Zabbix agent with the default configuration file c:\zabbix_agentd.conf:

zabbix_agentd.exe --install

If you wish to use a configuration file other than c:\zabbix_agentd.conf, you should use the following command for service installation:

zabbix_agentd.exe --config <your_configuration_file> --install

A full path to the configuration file should be specified.

Multiple instances of Zabbix agent can be installed as services like this:

  zabbix_agentd.exe --config <configuration_file_for_instance_1> --install --multiple-agents
         zabbix_agentd.exe --config <configuration_file_for_instance_2> --install --multiple-agents
         ...
         zabbix_agentd.exe --config <configuration_file_for_instance_N> --install --multiple-agents

The installed service should now be visible in Control Panel.

Starting agent

To start the agent service, you can use Control Panel or do it from command line.

To start a single instance of Zabbix agent with the default configuration file:

 zabbix_agentd.exe --start

To start a single instance of Zabbix agent with another configuration file:

 zabbix_agentd.exe --config <your_configuration_file> --start

To start one of multiple instances of Zabbix agent:

 zabbix_agentd.exe --config <configuration_file_for_this_instance> --start --multiple-agents

Stopping agent

To stop the agent service, you can use Control Panel or do it from command line.

To stop a single instance of Zabbix agent started with the default configuration file:

 zabbix_agentd.exe --stop

To stop a single instance of Zabbix agent started with another configuration file:

 zabbix_agentd.exe --config <your_configuration_file> --stop

To stop one of multiple instances of Zabbix agent:

 zabbix_agentd.exe --config <configuration_file_for_this_instance> --stop --multiple-agents

Uninstalling agent Windows service

To uninstall a single instance of Zabbix agent using the default configuration file:

   zabbix_agentd.exe --uninstall

To uninstall a single instance of Zabbix agent using a non-default configuration file:

   zabbix_agentd.exe --config <your_configuration_file> --uninstall

To uninstall multiple instances of Zabbix agent from Windows services:

  zabbix_agentd.exe --config <configuration_file_for_instance_1> --uninstall --multiple-agents
         zabbix_agentd.exe --config <configuration_file_for_instance_2> --uninstall --multiple-agents
         ...
         zabbix_agentd.exe --config <configuration_file_for_instance_N> --uninstall --multiple-agents